Rehabilitering av pasienter med kronisk obstruktiv lungesykdom

Rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

Background. Pulmonary rehabilitation is well established and is increasingly prescribed as part of the treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Method. Relevant scientific literature and our own clinical experience is presented.

Interpretation. The essential elements of rehabilitation include a multidisciplinary approach; focus on the individual patient; and emphasis on emotional, social, and physical health aspects. The selected patients have COPD symptoms; are fully aware of their physical limitations and motivated to take an active part in the treatment. Pulmonary rehabilitation is also beneficial for patients with other chronic lung diseases. A systematic programme includes a detailed clinical examination of the patient, teaching, training in mucus mobilization and breathing techniques, exercise training and psychosocial support. Evidence-based effects of rehabilitation include symptom relief, increased exercise performance, improved quality of life and reduced use of health services. Pulmonary rehabilitation is also necessary before and after lung transplants and in connection with volume reducing surgery for emphysema.